docs: Update extension schema reference

[Gijs Reijn (Gijsreyn)]

PR Summary

As requested, shortened the number of files and updated them based on separate schema groups.

PR context

Synced docs from Microsoft Learn: MicrosoftDocs/PowerShell-Docs-DSC#414

[Copilot]

🟡 Changes recommended

The updated docs materially diverge from the schemas currently checked into this repo (including documenting schema versions and properties/argument forms that aren’t present), which is likely to mislead users and break validation expectations.

Once you've addressed the issues Copilot identified, you can request another Copilot review.

Pull request overview

Updates the DSC extension schema reference documentation (synced from Microsoft Learn) to reflect newer/expanded extension manifest and discover output behaviors, including additional capabilities and revised schema URI guidance.

Changes:

• Expanded extension discover stdout documentation to describe manifestPath vs manifestContent outputs and related discovery behavior.
• Expanded extension manifest root documentation with capability descriptions, additional manifest properties, and a much larger set of $schema URI examples.
• Updated extension manifest discover documentation to describe a newer argument shape for discover.args (including an extensionsArg object) and added an example.

File summaries

File	Description
docs/reference/schemas/extension/stdout/discover.md	Updates the documented stdout schema/behavior for extension discovery output.
docs/reference/schemas/extension/manifest/root.md	Updates the documented extension manifest root schema, including $schema URI options and additional properties/capabilities.
docs/reference/schemas/extension/manifest/discover.md	Updates the documented discover manifest property schema and examples, including argument semantics.

Review details

• Files reviewed: 3/3 changed files
• Comments generated: 5
• Review effort level: Lite

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