Add temporary scoped Graphile introspection

[Zetazzz]

Stack

This is PR 1 of 3 and targets main.

1. Add temporary scoped Graphile introspection #1711 — temporary scoped introspection (this PR)
2. Own build-state retirement policy in CNC #1712 — build-state retirement
3. Add scoped retirement performance matrix #1713 — focused performance harness

Summary

• add an explicit stock / scoped-required PostgreSQL introspection mode to makePgService
• add schema-scoped catalog queries with either complete catalog types or dependency-closure types
• validate required and allowed namespaces and referenced type closure fail-closed
• add exact node-postgres introspection-client reuse/destroy semantics and capability checks
• keep scoped raw introspection cache state limited to the gather that consumed it

Motivation

The stock Graphile catalog query inspects substantially more PostgreSQL catalog state than a service exposing a bounded schema set needs. This introduces an explicit scoped path while preserving the stock path as the default and as the comparison baseline.

This is intentionally an interim pnpm-patch implementation. Graphile's planned progressive introspection should provide the upstream replacement; once it is available and validated, these patches and wrapper settings can be removed in favor of that implementation.

Behavior and compatibility

• defaults remain introspectionMode: 'stock' and introspectionClientReleaseMode: 'reuse'
• scoped introspection must be explicitly requested
• scoped catalog type and capability settings are rejected in stock mode
• missing required schemas, unapproved dependency schemas, or incomplete type closure fail the build
• no application plugin behavior changes in this PR

Validation

• graphile-settings service, runtime, cache-lifecycle, and exact-client-release tests
• graphql/server scoped-introspection middleware tests
• targeted package builds, type checks, and lint
• frozen-lockfile install

The focused test run covered 24 assertions across the settings and server suites.

[Zetazzz]

Closing as superseded by the replacement performance stack. #1716 provides the reusable performance harness, and #1719 replaces this temporary patch-based scoped introspection implementation with the zero-patch CNC-owned package. This PR remains available as historical design context.