Extend Attribute API with optional AttributesLimits, including count, length, and depth

[jack-berg]

Fixes #7897.

Embodies "approach 3" from this comment.

Adds AttributeLimits and Attributes.builder(AttributeLimits) to opentelemetry-api, giving users (and the SDK) a way to build attributes that enforce the OpenTelemetry common attribute-limits rules: count limit, value length limit, and (soon) value depth limit.

AttributeLimits limits =
    AttributeLimits.builder()
        .setCountLimit(128)
        .setValueLengthLimit(1024)
        .setValueDepthLimit(64)
        .build();

Attributes attrs =
    Attributes.builder(limits)
        .put(stringKey("http.method"), "GET")
        .put(stringKey("http.method"), "POST") // overwrites; last-value-wins
        .build();

• AttributeLimits uses autovalue
• Names follow the spec parameters, rather than SDK LogLimits / SpanLimits
  • getCountLimit vs. SpanLimits.getMaxNumberOfAttributes
  • getValueLengthLimit vs. SpanLimits.getMaxAttributeValueLength
  • getValueDepthLimit vs no current SpanLimits equivalent
• Builder rejects negative counts and lengths. Depth must be >= 1 (depth is 1-indexed per spec).
• By default, no limits are applied. I.e. Attributes.builder() is equivalent to Attributes.builder(AttributeLimits.noLimits()).
• Bounded builder applies last-value-wins on put by key name (regardless of type), truncates over-length strings and byte arrays, replaces over-nested arrays and maps with empty containers, drops entries beyond the count limit. Overwrites do not consume against the count limit.

SDK integration:

• AttributesMap in sdk-common is deleted. SdkSpan, SdkSpanBuilder, SdkLogRecordBuilder, SdkReadWriteLogRecord now store an AttributesBuilder obtained via Attributes.builder(AttributeLimits) and track totalAttributeCount locally.
• SpanLimits.getMaxNumberOfAttributes / getMaxAttributeValueLength are still the source of truth for span attribute limits. Wiring depth through SpanLimits / LogLimits is deferred for now.

Performance:

Extended AttributesBenchmark with a few more relevant cases. See before and after below:

Details

Benchmark	Baseline (ns/op)	After (ns/op)	Δ ns/op	Δ %
builderOneItem	13	13	+0	+0.5%
builderTenItems	255	278	+23	+9.0%
computeHashCode	6	6	+0	+0.7%
ofFive	69	68	-1	-1.0%
ofFour	52	49	-4	-7.0%
ofOne	3	3	-0	-1.4%
ofThree	34	34	-0	-0.0%
ofTwo	6	6	+0	+0.7%
putAllTenItems	281	265	-16	-5.9%

[otelbot]

⚠️ API changes detected — additional maintainer review required

@jack-berg @jkwatson

This PR modifies the public API surface area of the following module(s):

• opentelemetry-api

Please review the changes in docs/apidiffs/current_vs_latest/ carefully before approving.

[opentelemetry-pr-dashboard]

Pull request dashboard status

Status last refreshed: 2026-07-24 16:20:55 UTC.

• Waiting on: Author
• Next step: Move out of draft to request review.

This automated status or its linked feedback items may be incorrect. If something looks wrong, please report it with the result you expected.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 91.13924% with 21 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 91.57%. Comparing base (6328897) to head (4c65a22).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...entelemetry/api/internal/AttributeValueLimits.java	87.50%	6 Missing and 6 partials ⚠️
...metry/api/common/ArrayBackedAttributesBuilder.java	89.09%	4 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
.../main/java/io/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/SdkSpan.java	90.90%	0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
.../opentelemetry/sdk/logs/SdkReadWriteLogRecord.java	88.88%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #8656      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     91.46%   91.57%   +0.10%     
- Complexity    10457    10492      +35     
============================================
  Files          1021     1023       +2     
  Lines         27647    27735      +88     
  Branches       3242     3251       +9     
============================================
+ Hits          25288    25397     +109     
+ Misses         1616     1599      -17     
+ Partials        743      739       -4     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Harness.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.

[jack-berg]

Reminder to self

[jack-berg]

Reminder to self